You have heard about osteoporosis but may not know what the symptoms are. Osteoporosis is a global health tsunami. The disease has no specific symptoms but reduces the resistance of bone tissue. Calcium storage in bones makes them tight and stiff. The process of calcium storage before birth begins and continues until the age of 30. At the age of 30, a healthy person’s bones reach their maximum hardness. If you are not physically active or do not eat well, your bones will gradually become low in calcium, and also, they will become fragile.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a hidden and mysterious disease and has no symptoms until before the fracture. The most important complication is bone loss. Other side effects include:
- Loss of height over time
- Back pain
- A stooped posture
- Gum disease
- loose teeth
- Insomnia
- A bone that breaks much more easily than expected
- Night leg cramps
Who is most at risk for osteoporosis?
1- Women
Generally, Women are much more likely to develop this illness than are men. Half of the women over the age of 45 and also 90% of women more than 75 are at risk for osteoporosis. Almost one in three women and one in twelve men develop osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women are more likely to get the disease due to the cessation of the female hormone secretion, which has a significant role in bone strength. The female hormone (estrogen) prevents bone loss, improves calcium absorption, and gives the effect of exercise on bones.
2- Elderly people
The risk of osteoporosis also increases with age. In aging, the percentage of calcium absorption in food decreases. Prevention at a young age will have a better outcome. Of course, older men are less likely to get osteoporosis than women.
3- Smokers and Alcoholics
If you are looking for another reason to quit smoking, in addition to lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke, add osteoporosis to your list. Cigarette smoke impacts directly on this disease. The substances in cigarettes cause hormonal imbalances. The process of bone formation is less in smokers, and nutrients don’t absorb very well by their bodies.
4- Physical Inactivity
People who have a sedentary lifestyle are more likely to develop osteoporosis. Bone tissues become thicker with physical activity, and inactivity cause deterioration of bone tissue. Daily physical activity helps the health of the human body, especially the bones, by increasing the absorption of calcium. Walking is the best, most useful, and cost-effective exercise for adults, especially the elderly.
Note: that exercises such as walking play a significant role in the deposition of calcium in the bones.
5- Genetic Background
Genes transfer from parent to child. If parents have a history of osteoporosis, their child is at high risk of developing it. If this disease is common in your family, your chances of getting it also increase. This factor heightens when a family member develops this before the age of 60.
6- low body weight
Underweight people don’t get enough minerals and vitamins that they need. They should change their diet and keep the weight balanced. As overweight hurts the body, underweight can also cause a lot of problems.
Additionally, for people who don’t have a proper diet, like the diet is lacking vitamins, the difficult diet for losing weight, or a diet high in salt or meat, and thousands of other nutritional mistakes, all of them can lead to osteoporosis.
7- Fractures (Broken Bones) and Thyroid
Many bone breaks in youth can lead to future osteoporosis. Fractures cause a person to stay home for a long time without any activity, and inactivity reduces bone strength. Furthermore, Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism both have harmful effects on bone activity. Hormonal medications which use to treat these diseases, one of the side effects of which is osteoporosis.
8- Caffeine and corticosteroids
Caffeine consumption prevents the absorption of iron, calcium, and other essential minerals. Consuming some foods or drink such as sugar, solid oils, pastry, soft drinks, and fruit juice reduces calcium absorption, resulting in osteoporosis. Daily intake of corticosteroids inhibits calcium absorption and destroys bones.
Consumption of large amounts of phosphorus in the diet remarkably decreases the absorption of calcium by the intestine. For example, consuming a lot of carbonated beverages, which contain phosphoric acid in their composition, will not absorb much calcium.
Also read: Osteoarthritis(OA): Symptoms, Treatments, and Causes
What are the complications of osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis reduces the quality of life and sometimes causes permanent disability. Often fractures due to osteoporosis do not heal completely, and people continue to suffer from it. Pelvic fractures and spinal deformity due to vertebral breaks are common complications of osteoporosis. In a spinal fracture, the patient may seem hunched, which leads to respiratory problems.
Treatment
It is never too late to treat osteoporosis. The remarkable thing is that we can’t return the bones to their original state, but we can prevent them from breaking. Therefore, it is better to use osteoporosis prevention methods instead of treatment. After your doctor diagnoses this disease, you will take anti-osteoporosis medication, and your lifestyle completely changes that includes consuming vitamin D, as well as getting appropriate exercise and diet.
Summary
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